Overview of the 70’s construction systems applied in the residential settlement “Aerodrom” – Skopje

Abstract
_________________________

Abstract The intensive housing construction in the Re- public of North Macedonia, which began in the 1960s, especially after the catastrophic earthquake in Skopje in 1963, was based primarily on the huge development of the construction operation, whose power and opportunities could not be ex- pressed only in Macedonia, but with great success was carried out with the largest construction op- erations in the former: SFR Yugoslavia, Czecho- slovakia, USSR; as well as in Germany, the Arab countries: Algeria, Iran, Iraq, Egypt and others. According to the approved new urban plan of the city of Skopje, the most intensive building construction in Macedonia started in the seventies. New residential settlements emerged (Karpoš, Železara, Kisela Voda, etc.), which on a large scale began to give the physiognomy of the city. Also, the construction of the central city area with social, administrative and residential buildings started even more intensively (according to the project of the Japanese architect Kenzo Tange), designated as “city wall” and “city gates”. The growth and expansion of the city on a daily basis pressured the management structures, among others smaller ones, to start building the largest residential complex “Aerodrom”. The buildings were built with inflexible technologies (with large surface and tunnel plates), where the possibility of changing the organization of the apartments is ex- cluded, which was not the case with the buildings built with classical skeletal systems. This paper aims to give an overview of the ap- plied construction systems and technologies of con- struction and the correlation between the structure and the construction of the apartment and the struc- ture of the family in the residential buildings from the settlement “Aerodrom” in Skopje, built in 1977.
Key words: construction systems, technolo- gies of construction, residential settlement, “Aero- drom” – Skopje.

References
_________________________

1. AS + 2000. (1974), Urban solution of the settlement Aerodrom – Skopje. Description of concepts, methods and solutions, unpublished manuscript, p. 63.
2. Bakalchev, V., Tasic, S., Bakalchev, M. and Pet- anovski, A. (2021), The city of the new normality, the example of Skopje. Sixteenth Annual International Academic Conference on European Integration – AICEI, Post-Pandemic Sustainability in Europe, pp. 214-231.
3. Bulletins on the condition of the housing construc- tion, regarding the realization of the medium-term program and the program for 1978 and 1979. (1978- 1979), unpublished manuscript, Skopje, SIZ of hous- ing – Skopje – construction sector.
4. Basic urban plan “Aerodrom” – Skopje. (1976), un- published manuscript, Skopje, Institute of Urbanism and Architecture.
5. Detailed urban plan of urban units A1 and A2. (1975), unpublished manuscript, Skopje, Institute of Urbanism and Architecture.
6. Dimkov, Gj. (1997), Construction systems and technologies of construction in the settlement “Aerodrom”-Skopje, unpublished manuscript, Sko- pje, p 37.
7. Lazarevska, M. and Markovski, B. (2019), Chronol- ogy of the urban expansion of Skopje, Acta Geobal- canica 5-2, pp. 57-73 DOI: 10.18509/AGB.2019.08
8. Milovanović, A., Dragutinović, A., Nikezić, A., Pott- giesser, U., Stojanovski, M., Ivanovska Deskova, A., Ivanovski, J. and Damjanovska, T. (2022), Rehabili- tation of Mass Housing as a Contribution to Social Equality: Insights from the East-West European Aca- demic Dialogue. Sustainability 14, 8106. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/su14138106 (accessed 20 November 2022).
9. Operational plans of the contractors of the neighbor- hood units in the settlement “Aerodrom” – Skopje. (1978-1979), unpublished manuscript.
10. Plates REMO – 275, (1973), manual. unpublished manuscript, “Remontmontaža” – Tuzla, p. 77.
11. Review of conceptual-architectural projects of the residential area “Aerodrom” – urban units A1 and A2. (1977), unpublished manuscript, Skopje, SIZ of housing – Skopje, p. 99 .
12. Filipovski, Lj. (1986), Applied technologies in the construction of the residential area “Aerodrom I and II” in Skopje, with the inclusion of solar en- ergy. INDIS’86, Novi Sad, p. 11.

Corresponding Author
Gjorgji A. Dimkov,
Faculty of architecture,
University “Ss. Cyril and Methodius”, Skopje,
North Macedonia,
E-mail: georgi_64@hotmail.com